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Articles

The New Emerges Out of the Old

An Integrated Relational Perspective on Psychological Development, Psychopathology, and Therapeutic Action

Pages 106-121
Published online: 28 Dec 2017
 
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This article considers how new ways in which a client and therapist relate emerge out of old ways the client related to others, with the subsequent transformation of maladaptive schemas and ego state relational units (Little, 2006) into more adaptive schemas. The author explores the nature of the client’s pathology and maladaptive relational schemas and the therapeutic action that might be transformative for the client. He also examines a modern perspective on the transference-countertransference matrix and explores further the concept of optimal neutrality.

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Author information

Ray Little

Author Biography
Ray Little is a Certified Transactional Analyst (psychotherapy) and a psychotherapist, supervisor, and trainer who maintains a private practice in Edinburgh, Scotland. He has been working as a counselor and psychotherapist for over 30 years. He also facilitates supervision groups and professional development seminars in both Edinburgh and London and is a visiting tutor at psychotherapy training institutes in Madrid, Ljubljana, and London. Ray is a founding member of the International Association for Relational Transactional Analysis and is interested in incorporating psychodynamic and relational psychoanalysis concepts into a relational transactional analysis, with particular emphasis on working with primitive states of mind. Ray can be reached at 4/2 Oxford Street, Edinburgh, EH8 9PJ, United Kingdom; email: .
 

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